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DU(1)                                                                    DU(1)



NAME
       du - estimate file space usage

SYNOPSIS
       du[options][file...]

       POSIX options: [-askx][--]

       GNU  options  (shortest  form):  [-abcDhHklLmsSxX][--block-size=size]
       [--exclude=pattern][--max-depth=n][--help][--version][--]

DESCRIPTION
       du reports the amount of disk space used by the specified files, and by
       each  directory in the hierarchies rooted at the specified files.  Here
       'disk space used' means space used for the entire file hierarchy  below
       the specified file.

       With no arguments, du reports the disk space for the current directory.

POSIXDETAILS
       The output is in 512-byte units by default, but in 1024-byte units when
       the -k option is given.

GNUDETAILS
       The  output  is  in  1024-byte  units  (when  no units are specified by
       options), unless the environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT  is  set,  in
       which case POSIX is followed.

POSIXOPTIONS
       -a     Show counts for all files encountered, not just directories.

       -k     Use 1024-byte units instead of the default 512-byte units.

       -s     Only  output space usage for the actual arguments given, not for
              their subdirectories.

       -x     Only count space on the same device as the argument given.

       --     Terminate option list.

GNUOPTIONS
       -a,--all
              Show counts for all files, not just directories.

       -b,--bytes
              Print sizes in bytes, instead of kilobytes.

       --block-size=size
              Print sizes in blocks of size bytes.  (New in fileutils-4.0.)

       -c,--total
              Print a grand total of all arguments after  all  arguments  have
              been  processed.   This  can  be used to find out the total disk
              usage of a given set of files or directories.

       -D,--dereference-args
              Dereference symbolic links  that  are  command  line  arguments.
              Does not affect other symbolic links.  This is helpful for find-
              ing out the disk usage of directories, such as  /usr/tmp,  which
              are often symbolic links.

       --exclude=pattern
              When  recursing,  skip subdirectories or files matching pattern.
              The pattern may be any standard Bourne shell file glob  pattern.
              (New in fileutils-4.0.)

       -h,--human-readable
              Append   a   size   letter,  such  as  M  for  binary  megabytes
              ('mebibytes'), to each size.

       -H,--si
              Do the same as for -h, but use the official SI units (with  pow-
              ers  of  1000  instead  of  1024,  so  that M stands for 1000000
              instead of 1048576).  (New in fileutils-4.0.)

       -k,--kilobytes
              Print sizes in KiB (binary kilobytes, 1024 bytes).

       -l,--count-links
              Count the size of all files, even if they have appeared  already
              (as a hard link).

       -L,--dereference
              Dereference symbolic links (show the disk space used by the file
              or directory that the link points to instead of the  space  used
              by the link).

       -m,--megabytes
              Print sizes in MiB (binary megabytes, 1048576 bytes).

       --max-depth=n
              Print the total for a directory (or file, with the -a flag) only
              if it is n or fewer levels  below  the  command  line  argument;
              --max-depth=0  is  the  same  as  the  -s  flag.   (New in file-
              utils-4.0.)

       -s,--summarize
              Display only a total for each argument.

       -S,--separate-dirs
              Report the size of each directory separately, not including  the
              sizes of subdirectories.

       -x,--one-file-system
              Skip  directories that are on different filesystems from the one
              that the argument being processed is on.

       -X file, --exclude-from=file
              Like --exclude, except take the patterns  to  exclude  from  the
              specified  file.   Patterns are listed one per line.  If file is
              given as '-', patterns are read from standard  input.   (New  in
              fileutils-4.0.)

GNUSTANDARDOPTIONS
       --help Print  a usage message on standard output and exit successfully.

       --version
              Print version information on standard output, then exit success-
              fully.

       --     Terminate option list.

BUGS
       On  BSD  systems, du reports sizes that are half the correct values for
       files that are NFS-mounted from HP-UX systems.  On  HP-UX  systems,  it
       reports sizes that are twice the correct values for files that are NFS-
       mounted from BSD systems.  This is due to a  flaw  in  HP-UX;  it  also
       affects the HP-UX du program.

ENVIRONMENT
       The  variable  POSIXLY_CORRECT determines the choice of unit.  If it is
       not set, and the variable BLOCKSIZE has a value starting with  'HUMAN',
       then  behaviour  is as for the -h option, unless overridden by -k or -m
       options.  The variables LANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE and LC_MESSAGES have the
       usual meaning.

CONFORMINGTO
       POSIX 1003.2

NOTES
       This  page  describes  du  as found in the fileutils-4.0 package; other
       versions may  differ  slightly.   Mail  corrections  and  additions  to
       aebcwi.nl.     Report    bugs    in    the   program   to   fileutils-
       bugsgnu.edu.



GNU fileutils 4.0                   1998-11                              DU(1)